How to get a free nCovid-19 course certificate from WHO. After the current coronavirus outbreak, It is very necessary for all the safety professionals to keep themself updated related to coronavirus. It is the responsibility of every safety professional to take some free online courses from different Different course providers providing nCovid-19 free courses.

How to Register

in this article, I am going to tell you how you can register yourself for the free online course from world health organization. For getting this free course from world health organization you just only need to open your Google Search in the search bar write open world health organization or write in the address bar ww.openwho.org after the opening of the linked website will open then you will go in the courses in the courses you will register yourself by providing your email address and the password.

Step 1 & 2

Step 3 & 4

Step 5 & 6

How to verify your Registration

After putting your password in the world health organization registration form you will receive any mail in your inbox After receiving that email you will click on the registration link and you will verify your email id then You can go to the courses in your dashboard and select different courses whenever you will complete the course you will get your free certificate from world health organization.

Step 7

Step 8

The purpose of the nCovid-19 certification

The purpose of this certification is not only to get the certificate the purpose behind the certification is that you will get enough information related to nCovid-19. Later on, you can use this information during the toolbox talks during the meetings with the management and it will make yourself updated related with nCovid-19 it is the responsibility of every safety professional, safety officers, managers, inspector, assistants to take this training as soon as possible and save yourself, your workers and your workplace.

Please do not forget to comment like and share this Article if you found it helpful. write to us at Click here to send us an email.

Click here to Register

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Excavation safety guide with photos

Site Preparation

In most construction projects, the excavation team will arrive at the site after the inspection team has delineated the lot and the boundaries of the house so they know where to dig. The excavation contractor or one of the crew will remove the soil at the depth required for the new foundation. The contractor is the one who makes sure that the soil is firm enough by compaction testing. If necessary, you can also try it using compact equipment. excavating contractors

The requirements are accurate, so the excavation contractor must be able to use transit and level to match the grade that the inspection team published. Once this is done, a foundation contractor pours the stem wall and footers. Once they are dry and ready, the excavation contractor will fill around the new base.

Moving across the earth

If dirt must be moved, the excavation contractor will be called. This may include the construction of roads, the excavation of ponds, the excavation of sewers, the excavation of trenches for gas or water pipes, the classification of roads and the operation of a trencher that installs flexible pipes under the ground without making trenches. What they can do will depend on the equipment they or the company they work for or that they own.

The equipment used for excavation works is expensive and ensuring them is expensive. Excavating companies or autonomous contractors that have a small to medium-sized operation will lease or own front loaders, backhoes, excavators, ditches, skid steers, and compactors. Most will also own one or two large dump trucks to remove excess dirt.

If you are a self-employed excavation contractor, you will be responsible for submitting competitive budgets and offers to acquire new jobs. They will also have to know what the excavation work rate is in the area where they have their business. Being an excavation contractor, you are considered a subcontractor. excavating contractors

The reason is that excavation is only part of the big project. For example, if a pool is being built for an owner, the contractor will dig the pool but will not exceed the entire project. Excavating contractors who work on their own can work for general contractors as needed. In most states, they must be authorized and bonded and follow safe practices in the workplace.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0  PURPOSE

2.0  SCOPE

3.0  DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

4.0  REFERENCES

5.0  RESPONSIBILITIES

6.0  WORK INSTRUCTION

6.1  GENERAL

6.2  HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT

6.3  CONTROL MEASURES

6.4  SYSTEM OF SUPPORT

7.0  RECORDS

8.0  APPENDICES

1.0   PURPOSE

The purpose of this work instruction is to establish a generic Instruction for carrying out

excavations at the project site.

3.0  DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Competent Person An   Individual who has immediate knowledge of the subject, either by years of experience in the specific field, formal education, or specialized training pertaining to:

1. –   Job activity being performed;
2. –   Operation and use of specific equipment;
3. –   Potential  hazards associated with specific jobs;
4. –   Applicable Safety, Health, and Environmental Standards;
5. –   Project HSE procedure pertaining to the tasks being undertaken.

Excavation

Excavation is the process of moving earth, rock or other materials with tools, equipment or explosives. It includes earthwork, trenching, wall shafts  and tunnelling.

5.0  RESPONSIBILITIES

The following personnel have responsibilities mentioned in this work instruction:

Project Manager (PM)

6.0  WORK INSTRUCTION

6.1 GENERAL

a)  Almost all construction work involves some form of excavation, in particular for foundations and drainage. In carrying out excavations the ground conditions can vary widely often over very short distances.

b)  Excavation has a number of important applications including exploration, environmental restoration and construction. Among these, construction is one of the most common applications for excavation.

c)  Some of the different processes used in excavation include trenching, digging, dredging and site development. excavating contractors

d)  No soil, whatever its condition can be relied upon to support its own weight. In addition, loads imposed upon the edges of excavations by plant, buildings, men and materials increase the danger of collapse.

e)  A relatively small fall of earth could involve a cubic meter of soil, which in terms of mass could weigh over a ton of material. Excavation safety guide with photos

6.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT

b)  The risk assessment should identify hazards associated with the works and lay down work instructions or control measures to eliminate or reduce the risks.

c)  Where risks cannot be eliminated or reduced to an acceptable level then a safe system of working (including where necessary the provision of personal protective equipment) should be implemented as a means of safeguarding the workplace or person.

d)  The following are a summary of the likely risks which may be encountered.

1. –   Falls of earth or trench collapse;
2. –   Falls into excavations;
3. –   Exposure to ground contamination;
4. –   Contact with ground contamination;
5. –   Exposure to toxic or oxygen deficient atmospheres;
6. –   Reduced stability of nearby buildings or structures;
7. –   Falls of materials or plant onto persons in an excavation;
8. –   Unauthorized access by children or young persons to excavations;
9. –   Entry and Exit from excavation.

6.3 CONTROL MEASURES

a)  A safe method of working should be established in conjunction with the site risk assessment. This safe method or method statement should be in writing and outline what work instructions are required to ensure the safety of those persons concerned with the works and any other persons likely to be affected.

b)  All work on, or in excavations should be supervised by a competent person.

c)  Drawings or plans showing the location of all services should be obtained. A work instruction can then be implemented to establish the “true” location, and such services exposed or marked. To support teams to monitor which area of the Project / Site have already been scanned, Cable Detection Register has been compiled to ensure a suitable record can be maintained from the start of the Project during initial site surveys.

d)  Where electricity, gas and other underground services cannot be diverted and are in such a position that they can could be damaged by the excavation process, they should be exposed by hand digging, and where necessary protected.

e)  Before any excavation is started an  Excavation Permit must be completed. Validity to excavate should not exceed one (1) week.

f)  All excavations in excess of 1.2m should be either:

–   Benched i.e. cut to form steps so that a line from the top of the bench to the bottom of the excavation should be equal to the batter required.

–   Properly supported, i.e. shored or sheeted etc. The system of support should be designed taking into account the loads imposed by ground conditions and any additional loads due to the proximity of plant, roadways, buildings, watertable, etc. Emergency rescue procedure

–   Excavated to a safe batter, this can be done in almost all soils provided that sufficient space is available, and a safe temporary slope known.

g)  In poor ground conditions, it may be necessary to support excavations less than 1.2m deep. All excavations should consider the requirements.

h)  In water-logged ground a system of de-watering may be necessary to improve stability; tests are usually needed, carried out by an experienced person, to show whether or not the ground is capable of being de-watered.

i)  Where excavations are supported, the following conditions should be met:

–   Timber packing should be used between metal props, metal sheets or piles.

–   Poling boards, trench sheets, etc. should be set vertically.

–   Any voids behind poling boards should be loosely backfilled.

–   All walling should be horizontal. excavating contractors

–   Ground props should rest on sole plates.

–   Wedges should be driven between the poling boards, trench sheets, etc. and the walling. Each poling board trench sheet should have a wedge driven from the top of the waling and on alternate poling boards, trench sheets from the bottom. What is workers compensation insurance

–   Where timber struts are used against a waling then lipping blocks should be used.

–   When using expanding metal props only the proper pins should be used. Pins should be inserted from the top of the prop.

–   No struts should be removed unless a suitable alternative has been previously installed.

–   Persons should not be permitted to work beyond the protected area of an excavation, or in close proximity to the bucket of any excavator.

–   Materials including spoil should not be stored closer than 1.5m from the edge of the excavation, and stacked so they cannot be accidentally displaced.

–   Plant, where possible, should be positioned remote from the edge of the excavation and positioned so that it cannot fall or roll into the excavation.

–   Proper lighting should be catered for when doing night work. workers compensation insurance

j)  If any machine is required to tip material into the excavation, stop blocks or anchorage should be provided. If restraining ropes are used for such stop blocks or anchorage, they should be secured at least four times the depth of the excavation from the edge.

k)  Persons should not remain in excavation or in the vicinity of tipping operations.

l)  Where persons can fall from a fall risk position and there is a risk to cause injury or harm put in edge protection into an excavation or where other hazards exist at a lesser depth, i.e. starter bars, water etc. a rigid barrier should be erected and maintained.

m) Excavations, to which any member of the public, especially children, could gain access, should have a greater degree of protection. In addition, special thought should be given to visually impaired persons.

n)  During hours of darkness, edges of excavations should be illuminated, especially where they are adjacent to public thoroughfares.

o)  Where lighting is required for work in the excavation such lighting should be installed with equipment suitable for safe use i.e. intrinsically safe and/or protected against breakage.

p)  The only means of access / egress into or out of excavations is by strategically placed ladders. Such ladder should be secured at the upper resting place, or at the bottom by knocking in a piece or steel parallel to the ladder and securing with binding wire, and reach a minimum of 1.070m above the landing. On no account should access / egress be gained by climbing sheeting, timbering or other support work. Hazard identification and risk assessment

q)  Walkways across excavations should be of sufficient width, at least 635mm, fitted with guardrails and toe boards, and secured to prevent displacement. excavating contractors

r)  Only experienced and competent persons are allowed to install support systems for excavations, they and those persons authorized to work in the excavations should have their names recorded by the manager, or person nominated by the site manager.

s)  Excavations should be kept clear of suffocating, toxic or explosive gases. These may be natural gases like hydrogen sulphide, methane and sulphur dioxide, or exhaust gases from nearby plant or leaks from nearby pipes, sewers or installations. Leakage of propane and butane from LPG cylinders is potentially very dangerous. The gas will sink to the lowest point and form an explosive concentration.

u)  Note! On no account should compressed oxygen be used for the above purpose.

v)  Tests should always be carried out in advance of work starting and be continued throughout the period of work. (Air Monitoring)

w)  The following gives guidance to assist in the selection of temporary support systems for trenches to 6m in depth. The guidance should be read in conjunction with Temporary Works Design.

x)  Thorough examinations using  Excavations Inspection Checklist are required to be carried out by the competent person in the following circumstances, before first entry, then again:

1. –   Daily prior to shift no record required;
2. –   Every seven days;
3. –   After the use of explosives;
4. –   After heavy rainfall;
5. –   After any damage to support work.

y)  The results of these thorough examinations to be entered in the site excavation Excavation safety guide with photos

z)  In addition to the above, excavations should be inspected each shift prior to work commencing, for which no record need be kept. excavating contractors

6.4 SYSTEM OF SUPPORT

Adequate support of excavations depends upon the type and depth and the nature of the ground and ground water conditions. A variety of materials and methods may be used, and would include:

6.4.1   Timber

a)  Timber support is seldom used these days as a support material for excavations, other materials having taken its place.

b)  However, it still finds a use in such as tunnelling, and for shafts and headings.

6.4.2   Steel Trench Sheeting

a)  Trench sheeting has the  advantage of easy driving in poor ground conditions, prior to the excavation being commenced.

b)  In hard ground, it can be part driven initially, and then further driven as the excavation proceeds.

6.4.3   Steel Sheet Piling

–   Because of its structural strength, steel sheet piling is the only really satisfactory material where a cantilever support is used.

b)  In all cases where steel sheet piling is the method of support, the calculations which determine the specification should be carried out by a competent person.

6.4.4   H-Piling or Soldier Piling.

a)  In this system, steel universal “H” column sections are pre-driven, at pre-determined centres prior to any excavating.

b)  If the ground conditions make driving difficult or, if vibration or noise is to be avoided, the steel sections can be positioned in pre-drilled holes with the bottom end held in concrete.

c)  As the excavation proceeds, the exposed face is supported by timbering or trench sheeting set horizontally between the piles.

d)  The “H” piling method has the following advantages:

–   The main structural support is in place before the excavation commences.

–  The piles can be installed between service locations and horizontal sheeting located above and below. If the resulting gap is excessive, vertical sheeting can be installed behind the horizontal members to fill the gaps.

6.4.5   Proprietary Systems

a)  These systems are specifically designed and used so that during the installation of the support there is no need for persons to enter the excavation.

b)  Examples of types of proprietary systems and their intended use are shown as follows: Excavation safety guide with photos

6.4.6   Hydraulic Frames, Walling and Shores

a)  Are made up of sheeting or structural sections permanently attached to hydraulic struts. The systems can be installed and jacked against the sides of the excavation without anyone entering the trench. Square or rectangular plan walling with two-way jacking are available for pits and manholes. excavating contractors

b)  Proprietary waling frames are normally used in conjunction with trench sheeting. Where these are crossing services, small gaps may be left between the appropriate trench sheets.

6.4.7   Boxed Systems

a)  Are modular strutted support walls which are installed by lowering them into a pre-dug trench (thereby acting as a safety box to protect workmen) or by digging them in progressively and therefore providing positive applied support to the trench face.

b)  Boxes of this type can be extended in width, and by adding other boxes vertically can provide a safe workplace at increased depths.

6.4.8   Plate Lining Systems

a)  Generally, consist of vertical soldier posts kept apart by strutted members. Wall plates are then inserted, spanning between the soldiers to support the trench face. Such systems may be used to form a continuous wall, and are usually installed by the dig and push method.

Extra care is needed when the line of the excavation crosses services and where a manhole construction is required.

b)  Since the system can be dismantled into smaller components it is far easier to remove from the tight ground than box systems.

Emergency rescue procedure

How safety officers can save themselves from the court in case of an accident

Excavation safety guide with photos

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Hazard identification and risk assessment. The first step in risk management is to identify hazards. There are many methods that can be employed for hazard/risk identification. These include:

Interviews / group discussions;

Local or overseas experience;

Scenario analysis;

Inspections and audits;

Judgmental — consensus, speculative/conjectural, intuitive;

systems analysis, e.g. HAZOP studies;

Personal or group experience;

Brainstorming;

Operational modeling;

Work breakdown structure analysis;

Strengths, weaknesses, threats & opportunity (SWOT) analysis;

Decision trees e.g. Event Tree Analysis;

Survey / questionnaire / Delphi technique;

Flowcharting, system design review, systems engineering techniques;

systems analysis, e.g. HAZOP studies; hazard identification and risk assessment

History/failure analysis e.g. Failure Modes & Effect Analysis (FMEA); Fault Tree Analysis.

The first four methods (“i” – “iv”) are commonly used in a Preliminary or an initial

It is also very important to determine who faces these hazards, how many are at risk, and the degree of exposure to that risk.

Other important considerations whilst identifying hazards are:

The more input/data, the better the result; You can check also How to develop health and safety policy

There are particular risks associated with each life cycle phase of the project (design, procurement, construction (and subcontracting), commissioning, operation (and maintenance) and decommissioning);

Hazards/risks can arise from sources both internal and external to the Project and may affect any levels/contexts/work processes within the Project.

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Scaffolding safety work platform

1. If for reasons of limited space, it is not possible to provide such widths, then that platform should be as wide as the space permits.
2. Minimum widths of platforms should be as follows:
3. At least 3 boards 600mm – for persons only and not for the deposit of materials.
4. At least 4 boards 800mm – for persons and deposit of material leaving a clear passage of at least 430mm.
5. At least 5 boards 1.05m – if used to support any higher platform.
6. At least 6 boards 1.30m – if used by persons to dress or shape stone.
7. At least 7 boards 1.50m – if used by persons to dress or shape stone, and to support their trestle platforms.
8. When work has to be done at the end of a wall or other structure, then the working platform should extend at least 600mm beyond this point.
9. The working platform should be placed as close to the face of the structure as possible.
10. All scaffold platforms should be closely boarded.
11. Scaffold boards should be free of large splits and knots and should be banded at both ends and not cut in any way.
12. No board should overhang its last support by more than 4 times its thickness but should have a minimum overhang of 50mm.
13. Any group of boards across the width of a scaffold should be of the same length and thickness.
14. The spacing of board supports (transoms) should be as follows:
    38mm thick boards – 1.5m maximum centers
    50mm thick boards – 2.6m maximum centers
    63mm thick boards – 3.25m maximum centers
15. Scaffold boards should normally have at least three supports.
16. 38mm thick boards less than 2.13m long should not be used unless they are fixed down to prevent tipping.
17. Boards less than 1.8m long may be supported on two transoms but should be fixed down at both ends. Scaffolding safety work platform
18. Scaffold boards should be laid so that there is no trip hazard created.
19. Where any possibility of displacement exists from high winds, boards should be fastened down. See also Scaffolding parts name
20. Where platforms become slippery due to frost, snow, mud, etc., the boards should either be cleared or turned over.
21. Every scaffold platform from which a person can fall should be fitted with guardrails and toe boards. See also Scaffolding safety checklist
22. Where any other risk of injury exists i.e. falls onto starter bars, such platforms should be similarly protected.
23. Guardrails and toe boards are required at the outsides and ends of all working platforms, and on the insides.
24. if gaps exceeding 300mm have been left for working at the face of a building or structure. See also Working at heights procedure
25. Toeboards and guardrails should be fitted on the inside of standards to prevent outward movement.
26. Toeboards should rise at least 150mm above the working platform.
27. Guardrails should be not less than 950mm, nor more than 1.15m above the working platform.
28. Middle guardrail must be 470mm from the working platform.
29. Where a fall risk position exists or is identified, safety harnesses must be utilized and training must be provided. Check these below articles on scaffolding safety Working at height safety & How to calculate scaffolding load & What are fall protection systems for scaffolders & How safety officers can save themselves from the court in case of an accident

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Types of scaffold ties It is essential that all scaffolds are properly tied into the building or structure at intervals to ensure the safety and stability of the scaffold.

Types of tie include:                                       

Through Tie

A tie fixed through an opening in a wall or a window.

Reveal Tie    

A reveal tube with wedges or screwed fittings and pads, fixed between opposing faces of an opening in a wall together with the tie tube. Relies solely on friction, therefore safe working capacity is reduced. Ideally, they should not be more than 50% of the total number of ties.

Box Tie    

The assembly of tubes and couplers, usually around columns or other elements of the building. The above types of the tie are all of the moveable variety, this means they can be removed, one at a time systematically then replaced after the task necessitating the removal is complete. No tie may be removed without the agreement of the competent person. The following are non-removable

Cast-in and Drilled Anchorages                                                  

Provided by casting in, or fixing a threaded anchor sleeve into the structure itself. The attachment of the scaffold to the anchor sleeve is either by a ring bolt or tied and secured by wire lashing. These types should be used in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. The capacity of the anchorage into the structure must be established by test, 50% need to be pull tested. See also Scaffolding parts name

Tie Frequency Table                                   

The spacing of lines of ties should not exceed 8.5m horizontally or vertically. Ties should be reasonably evenly distributed over the scaffold at the following minimum frequency based on ties of 6.25kn capacity. See also Scaffolding safety checklist

Names of ties            Unsheeted Scaffold      Sheeted Scaffold

Movable Ties             32m2                        12.5m2

Non-Movable Ties       40m2                        16m2

When dealing with sheeted scaffold above 5m high and on all other scaffolds greater than 10m high, the scaffolding should comply with Reveal ties are not to be used on sheeted scaffolds. Ties should be secured to both inside and outside standards and ledgers to be fixed within 300mm of a braced standard. See also Working at heights procedure

Returns, Buttresses, and Rakers

May be used as an alternative to a tie and are generally considered to provide attachment for a 3m length either side of the buttress or raker. A return is considered adequate for a 3m length measured from the outside corner. Rakers should be set at an angle not more than 2 verticals to 1 horizontal and fixed at its base to prevent sinking or slipping. Tubes more than 2.7m in length should be fitted with a brace, tied back to the scaffold to prevent distorting under load. See also Working at height safety & How to calculate scaffolding load & What are fall protection systems for scaffolders & How safety officers can save themselves from the court in case of an accident

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and square, free from bends, distortion, corrosion, splits or surface flaws.

Fittings free from worn threads or damaged bolts and excess oil which may reduce friction grip.

Boards to comply with relevant standards; not to be warped, twisted, split or badly worn, or painted to conceal defects.

Foundations-Scaffolding parts name

Foundations should be of adequate strength to support and distribute the load. On all other surfaces, the load should be spread by using base plates and sole plates. The soil or ground beneath the sole plates should be level and properly compacted.

A sole plate used on hard ground, beneath any one standard, should be at least 1000cm5 with a minimum dimension of 219mm. If a timber sole plate is used it should not be less than 35mm thick.

At all times a metal base plate should be used between soleplate and standard. On sloping ground, steps should be cut into the slope to accommodate

sole boards and base plates. If the slope exceeds 1:10, an engineer should check that the ground has sufficient stability.

Standards-Scaffolding parts name

These will be placed vertically to within +/- 20mm in any 2m in length, to

a maximum total deviation of 50mm.

Joint pins may be used to connect standards in line when the joint is in

compression – where the joint is in tension then sleeve couplers should

be used.

Joints in standards should be staggered such that adjacent standards

are not jointed in the same lift. Of the 4 standards at the corner of the

scaffold, only 3 may be joined in the same lift, except in the lower 6.5m

of the scaffold where an extended base lift is necessary. In such cases all 4

standards may be joined in the same bay, provided one of the joints is

lapped with tube and parallel couplers.

Ledgers-Scaffolding parts name

Ledgers are fixed to standards with right angle couplers. They would

normally be horizontal but may follow the slope of ground at the “foot”

lift. In this case, the ledgers would be fixed to the transoms which are

attached to the standards with right angle couplers.

Joints in ledgers should also be staggered, i.e joints in adjacent ledgers

should not occur in the same bay. These joints should be made with

sleeve couplers and not be more than one-third distance away from a

Standard – Scaffolding parts name

Joints in ledgers on the same lift and in adjacent lifts should not occur in the same bay unless there is unjointed guardrail (not to be removed) when joints in the ledgers above and below can be in the same bay.

The spacing of ledgers (lift heights) will be:

independent tied scaffolds – 2.0m

putlog scaffolds – 1.35m

First lifts of up to 2.7m are acceptable where access underneath the

the scaffold is required, this will result in reduced loading capacity.

Transoms

Transoms are secured to ledgers with either right angle or putlog couplers unless braces are secured to them, in which case only right-angle couplers are acceptable. On boarded lifts, transoms will be spaced to ensure adequate supporting of the scaffold boards overlap 50mm over the transom. On non-boarded lifts and transoms should be secured at not more than 300mm from each standard or pair of standards.

Couplers – Scaffolding parts name

These components are classified into two categories – load-bearing and

non-load bearing.

Load bearing couplers or components are:

• Right angle couplers
• Swivel couplers
• 5 KN brace couplers
• Adjustable fork heads
• Adjustable base plate jack

Non-load bearing couplers or components are:

• Expanding joint pins
• Toeboard clips

Bracing

No scaffold can remain stable or safe unless properly braced. Bracing should remain in position at all times to ensure this stability. There are two main types of bracing, as follows: What are fall protection systems for scaffolders

Façade Bracing

Fixed to the long face of the scaffold normally parallel to the face of the structure and is fitted to the outside row of standards. It can either run across the face of the scaffold to its full height at an angle of 45° or run in a zig-zag fashion to its full height. How to calculate scaffolding load

Bracing should be provided at least every 3.0m along the scaffold. Bracing will be fixed to extended transoms with right angle couplers or to standards with swivel couplers. Where braces are fastened to transoms, the transoms should be fixed with right-angle couplers, (load-bearing) to the scaffold. Brace couplers may be used as an alternative. Working at height safety

Joints in any continuous sloping tube can be made in one of three ways:

Overlapping the two lengths of the tube by at least 300mm and fixing with two parallel couplers. A joint pin with a splice tube fixed with parallel couplers either side of the joint. A sleeve coupler.

Ledger Bracing

Fixed to join inner and outer alternate pairs of standards, fixing is by using right angle or brace couplers connected to the ledger or with swivel couplers to standards. Working at heights procedure When a bay length is 1.5m or less, the bracing may be fixed to every third pair of standards. On boarded lifts, the brace would be fixed under the outside ledger to the inside ledger of the lift below to avoid the toe board. Bracing may be fixed from the inside ledger to the guardrail level of the below provided that every pair of standards are braced. Scaffolding safety checklist

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Scaffolding safety Checklist

1. What is the scaffold for;
2. Exactly where is it to be erected;
3. What materials are to be used;
4. Can safe access be provided for erection and use;
5. How many working platforms are required;
6. What loadings will be imposed;
7. Are ground conditions suitable;
8. Are there any overhead dangers;
9. How will the scaffold be tied;
10. Are the scaffold erectors trained, competent and under suitable supervision;
11. Has the scaffolding company adequate resources to meet the requirements of the contract (men, materials, and experience). How to calculate scaffolding load

Scaffolding Risk Checklist should include

Falls of persons and materials.

1. The collapse of the structure.
2. Contact with overhead electricity services.
3. Scaffold erection over underground services.
4. Erection by untrained, incompetent persons.
5. Obstructed access or unsafe access to occupied scaffolded properties.
6. Undermining of the scaffold. Working at heights procedure

CONTROL MEASURES

1. General Scaffolding requirements
2. All significant scaffolds should be suitably planned
3. A safe place of work, with safe access and egress, should be provided and properly maintained.
4. Scaffolding should only be erected, altered and dismantled under the supervision of a competent person and by people with adequate experience and holding a scaffolding certificate or trainer permit.
5. Scaffolding should be constructed of sound, materials in good condition and properly stored when not in use. How to make crane lifting plan
6. No defective materials or parts used and no excessive wear or corrosion.
7. Before any scaffold is used, and every 7 days thereafter, the scaffold must be inspected by a competent person and an accurate entry made in the register. Report of Weekly Thorough
8. Examinations (Scaffold) (site records). A ‘Scaff-Tag’ must be signed and displayed at all access points of the scaffold.
9. Where a scaffold is erected by an outside contractor, a representative from that company should sign the register to the effect that the scaffold is erected in compliance with all statutory requirements, or provide a handover certificate. Working at height safety
10. Before accepting the handover certificate, a formally appointed temporary works.
11. No scaffolding should be left partly erected or dismantled unless adequate notices are displayed and access blocked.
12. No metal scaffold should be erected in close proximity to overhead power lines.
13. Mandatory safety harness signs to be displayed at the entrance to scaffold and all workers to wear and secure harnesses on working platforms.

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What is a work accident?

Any accident which occurs to a worker in the course and by the fact of the performance of the work hire contract and which produces an injury. For there to be a work accident, there has to be an injury, an external cause, and a sudden event. The injury can be physical or mental. The cause or one of the causes must be external to the body of the victim. The sudden event distinguishes the occupational accident from illness and in particular from occupational illness. How time makes a difference in the success of a confined space rescue
The accident must occur during the performance of the employment contract. It must also occur as a result of the performance of the work: an accident that occurred while the victim left the company without authorization during working hours is not an accident at work. It can, therefore, occur at the workplace, or on the journey between two different workplaces. Types of fire extinguishers and their suitability

What to do after an industrial accident?

If someone witnessed your accident, it is best to ask them for their contact details so that you can later call them as a witness. This will provide you with additional proof of your work accident.
Then you must notify your employer as soon as possible, even if your accident does not prevent you from working. The employer must report the accident within 8 days of its occurrence. Working at heights procedure
Ask your doctor for a medical certificate. You will send this certificate as soon as possible containing the first medical observations to your employer, who in turn will give it to the industrial accident insurer.

Who should take out workers’ compensation insurance?

The employer is legally obliged to take out work accident insurance with an approved insurance company. Otherwise, he is automatically affiliated with the Workmen’s Compensation Fund. If a work accident occurs when there is a lack of insurance, this Fund will take care of this claim but will recover all of the disbursements from the defaulting employer.

What costs does workers compensation insurance reimburse?

If the work accident insurer recognizes that you have had a work accident or an accident on the way to work, you are entitled to:
compensation for your incapacity for work to compensate for the loss of wages suffered if you are unable to go to work;
reimbursement of your medical costs following the accident (including all surgical, pharmaceutical and hospital costs).

What is an accident on the way to work?

The way to work is the normal route that the worker must travel to get from his residence to the place of performance of the work, and vice versa. The necessary and reasonably justifiable detours are part of the normal journey. The detour or the interruption does not necessarily exclude the notion of the work path. It is according to the importance of the detour or the interruption and the reason for the detour or the interruption that the journey will keep its normal character or not. for more click here

When Finding Workers Compensation Insurance is Difficult

Anyone who employs paid staff is legally required to take out workers’ compensation insurance. Sometimes employers, faced with an exceptionally high risk of a work accident, cannot find work accident insurance.

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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET FORMAT

SECTION I MANUFACTURING IDENTIFICATION:

Name, address and phone number of the manufacturer. Material and trade names, chemical family and other information. How to find msds sheets online

SECTION II HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS:

Ingredients and their percent of concentration in the material. Toxicity and hazardous mixtures of other substances are included in this section.

SECTION III PHYSICAL DATA:

Properties such as boiling point, vapor pressure and density, solubility in water, evaporation rate, percent volatile, and appearance and odor.

SECTION IV FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA:

Properties such as flash point, auto-ignition temperature and lower and upper flammability limits in the atmosphere. It also contains information on the means of extinguishment and special procedures for fire fighting.

SECTION V HEALTH HAZARD DATA:

Threshold Limit Value (TLV), effects of over-exposure, and first aid treatment for eye or skin contact and inhalation.

SECTION VI REACTIVITY DATA:

Stability of the material and related conditions to avoid; other materials that are incompatible; hazardous decomposition products; and hazardous polymerization with related conditions to avoid. How to make crane lifting plan

SECTION VII SPILL OR LEAK PROCEDURES:

Recommended actions for safe cleanups and for final disposition without hazard to humans, property or the environment. workers compensation insurance

SECTION VIII SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION:

Suggestions covering the need for ventilation; respiratory, eye, and hand protection; and other PPE to wear during exposure to the material. Emergency rescue procedure

SECTION IX SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS:

Information on safe storage and handling to avoid hazardous reactions; Governmental/authority classification.

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